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MOSES-A. JOHNSCN, CF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

Lette/rc Patent No. 63,798, dated April 16, 1867.

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TOAALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERNz' l Be it known that I, MOSES A. JOHNSON, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful-appliances for Felting Machines, for felting wool, fur, hair, or other felting substances, either alone or mixed with cotton, flax, or other non-felting matter; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exa-ct description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in whichl Figure 1 represents a 'view of one side of a felting machine, arranged for felting yarns.

Figure 2 represents a vertical longitudinal section through the same; and

Figure 3 represents an elevation of the opposite Side of the machine from that shown in iign 1I.

Similar letters of reference where they occur `in the separate gures denote `like parts of the machine in all the drawings.

My invention consists in the use of a cork surface for condensing, felting, or fulling purposes, and which is used in connection with cylinders, aprons, steam rolls, or in the presence of heat and moisture or other `appliances used for such purposes.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my' invention, I will proceed to describe the .same in connection with the drawings, which represent a machine arranged for felting yarns, but which, it is obvious, is equally applicable to the condensing, felting, or fulling of any other substance that is in whole or in part capable of beingso treated, and is therefore merely illustrative of the invention.

Cork possesses many peculiarities not found in any other one substance, or indeed of any manufactured substance known, and froin its natural peculiarities it may be said that no substitute for cork has ever been discovered. It is pliable, elastic, enduring, not easily affect-ed by water or steam, has a. smooth and even surface, and otherwise adapted to the purposes to which I propose to apply it. The machine herein represented has in it many of the devices known and used in condensing, felting, or falling machines, though somewhat differently combined and arranged. Its great peculiarity is, however, in the cork surface, which operates in connec tion with the belts, and in the presence of heat and moisture, as will be explained.

The rollers, cylinders, and belts may be driven by chains 'A passing over or around gears or pulleys on the several parts that are to bemoved in any of the usual well-known ways.- Centrally loca-ted in this machine, there is a cylinder, B, which has a perforated metallic (zinc or other metal) covering, a, over which is placed a. covering, Z), of cork. This cork surface maybe united to the cylinder by any waterproof cement, or by sewing it, the threading passing' through the perforations of the cylinder under covering,.or in any other suitable manner. `C C are two endless aprons, of cotton duck, or other fabric or material used for similar purposes; which aprons pass over and around the steam-heated cylinders D D, and guiding-rolls or cylinders E F G, that keep them straight, and cause them to move' over or past more or less ofthe cork surface b, as may be required for the particular article that is being made, condensed, fclted, or fullcd. Within each of the belts or aprons C C there isla small pipe, c, with small perforations in it, through which small jets or a hotwater spray is thrown on to thev aprons, to give them the required moisture, and as these wet aprons pass over the hot steam rolls D D suilicicnt heat and steam are made for felting purposes. The cork-surfaced cylinder is rotated on its journals by the friction ofthe travelling aprons against it, and a reciprocating motion may be given to the cylinder by the worm-gear H, shaft I, and erank-arn1 or pitnian J, as shown in iig. l. But, as before stated, the cork surface may be otherwise applied, or moved, for other purposes than making felted yarn, and not in immediate contact with the aprons, or with heatA and moist-ure, and its form may be changed so long as the cork surface is used. Condcnsing may be'done by the cork surface, as the roving comes from the card or cards, and in various modified forms of its use.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

In combination with a cork surface, aprons, cylinders, and'steam rolls, and the presence of heat and moisture for fclting or fulling yarns, composed of wool, fur, hair, in Whole or in part, substantially as described.

MOSES A. JOHNSON.

Witnesses: l

EUGENE S. Muzznr, Jnnonn J. Banana. 

